Structure: Expressing Consequences or Cause and Effect with Use of "So... that"

Lesson Note: Expressing Consequences or Cause and Effect with Use of "So... that"

Topic: Structure: Expressing Consequences or Cause and Effect with Use of "So... that" Subject: ENGLISH LANGUAGE ClassGroup: BASIC 5 Curriculum: Hybrid

Objectives:

1. Identify the use of "so... that" in given sentences with examples.
2. Discuss ways of joining simple sentences to form longer ones with examples.
3. Construct sentences each by using 'so that' to express cause and effect, result, purpose, and consequence.

Introduction (10 minutes)

The phrase "so... that" is a conjunction used to express cause and effect, result, purpose, or consequence. It connects two clauses, showing the relationship between them. For example: "I studied hard so that I could pass the exam." This phrase helps to explain why something happened or what the result of an action is.

Direct Instruction (15 minutes)

• Identifying "so... that": Read the following sentences and identify the use of "so... that":
  • I went to bed early so that I could wake up fresh. (Here, "so that" shows the purpose of going to bed early.)
  • She saved money so that she could buy a new bike. (Here, "so that" shows the result of saving money.)
  • They worked hard so that they could meet the deadline. (Here, "so that" shows the purpose of working hard.)
• Joining Simple Sentences: Join the following simple sentences to form longer ones using "so... that":
  • I wanted to learn how to swim. I took lessons. (This can be joined to form: "I wanted to learn how to swim, so I took lessons.")
  • The weather was cold. We wore coats. (This can be joined to form: "The weather was cold, so we wore coats.")
• Constructing Sentences: Construct sentences using "so that" to express:
  • Cause and effect: I didn't eat breakfast, so I felt hungry.
  • Result: She practiced every day so that she could play the piano well.
  • Purpose: I'm saving money so that I can buy a new phone.
  • Consequence: If I don't study, I won't pass the exam, so I'll study hard.

Examples:

• Cause and effect:
  1. I didn't revise for the test, so I failed.
  2. She didn't eat breakfast, so she felt weak.
  3. They didn't bring umbrellas, so they got wet in the rain.
• Result:
  1. He practiced soccer every day so that he could join the school team.
  2. She studied English every morning so that she could improve her speaking skills.
  3. They worked together so that they could finish the project on time.
• Purpose:
  1. I'm learning French so that I can communicate with my friends in France.
  2. He's saving money so that he can buy a new laptop.
  3. They're exercising regularly so that they can stay healthy.
• Consequence:
  1. If I don't do my homework, I won't understand the lesson, so I'll do my homework every day.
  2. If she doesn't practice piano, she won't improve, so she practices every day.
  3. If they don't study hard, they won't pass the exam, so they're studying every night.

Guided Practice (15 minutes)

• Fill in the gaps with "so... that":
  1. I went to the store ____________________ I could buy some milk. (so that)
  2. She studied English ____________________ she could communicate with foreigners. (so that)
  3. We left early ____________________ we could avoid the traffic. (so that)
• Join the following simple sentences to form longer ones using "so... that":
  1. I wanted to read a book. I went to the library. (I wanted to read a book, so I went to the library.)
  2. The room was dirty. We cleaned it. (The room was dirty, so we cleaned it.)

Independent Practice (15 minutes)

• Classwork: Complete the following exercises:
  1. Write three sentences using "so... that" to express cause and effect.
     • Example: I didn't eat dinner, so I felt hungry.
     • Example: She didn't study for the test, so she failed.
     • Example: They didn't bring sunscreen, so they got sunburned.
  2. Join the following simple sentences to form longer ones using "so... that":
     • I wanted to learn how to play soccer. I joined a team. (I wanted to learn how to play soccer, so I joined a team.)
     • The food was delicious. We ate it all. (The food was delicious, so we ate it all.)
• Assignment: Write a short paragraph (5-7 sentences) using "so... that" to express consequences or cause and effect. For example, "I didn't do my homework, so I got a bad grade. As a result, my parents were disappointed, so they took away my phone privileges. I was sad, so I promised to do my homework every day. Now, I'm doing well in school, so my parents are happy."

Assessment (10 minutes)

• Review the objectives and assess students' understanding of using "so... that" to express consequences or cause and effect.
• Collect the classwork and assignment questions to assess students' ability to construct sentences using "so... that".

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to identify the use of "so... that" in given sentences, join simple sentences to form longer ones, and construct sentences using "so... that" to express cause and effect, result, purpose, and consequence.