Pollution (Water and Land)

POLLUTION

Pollution is defined as the introduction of harmful substances into the environment. Pollution is the contamination of the environment. There are different forms of pollution and they include air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, noise pollution, light pollution, heat pollution etc. 

WATER POLLUTION

Water pollution is the introduction of harmful substances like commercial or industrial waste into the body of the water, making the water hazardous to the health of humans, plants and animals. These causes negative impacts on the living environment. Common pollutants that contaminate the water include chemicals, fertilizers, detergents, sewage, refuse, farces, urine etc. Therefore, the impure water cause catastrophic effects on living organisms.

LAND/SOIL POLLUTION

This occurs as a result of dumping unwanted materials on a piece of land. This makes the soil hazardous to the health of plants and animals. Thus, causes negative impacts on the living environment. 
A polluted soil is harmful and hazardous to living organisms and also reduce its fertility. 
 

Causes of Water Pollution 

Ways by which water is being polluted are;

1 Untreated domestic waste

2 Untreated and treated industrial waste

3 Littering

4 Oil spillage

5 Refuse and sewage 

6 Fertilizer

7 Pesticides

8 Acids

9 Petroleum Products 

10 Faeces and urine

Causes of Land/Soil Pollution 

Some if the causes of land pollution include:

Agricultural activities: use of toxic fertilizers and pesticides 

Mining activities leaving huge spaces beneath land surface

Pesticides

Oil spillage

Refuse and garbage

Metal, brick, plastic wastes etc